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Raytron Technical Review RESEARCH ARTICLE

Termination Techniques for CCA: Ensuring Long-Term Reliability

Gao-Lei Xu1 *

1RAYTRON Group Technology Research Center, China

*Corresponding author

Received: 2025-12 Accepted: 2026-02 Published: 03/2026
DOI: 10.1234/raytron.2026.WP-02-12

1. Introduction

1.1 Importance of Proper Termination

Termination failure is a major cause of electrical problems.

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Figure Fig. 1 Termination Methods Comparison Diagram

2. Termination Challenges

2.1 Bimetallic Interface

2.2 Creep Issues

Aluminum creeps under pressure, requiring connection monitoring.

3. Crimp Termination

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Figure Fig. 2 Crimp Quality Inspection Diagram

4. Screw Terminals

5. Long-Term Reliability

6. Conclusion

Proper termination techniques and regular inspection ensure long-term reliability of CCA connections.

Figures

Create TerminationMethodComparisonDiagram

Fig. 1 Termination Methods Comparison Diagram

Crimping Quality Testing Diagram

Fig. 2 Crimp Quality Inspection Diagram

Tables

Table 1 Termination Failure Modes
Failure ModeCuCCAConcern Level
Loose ConnectionCommonCommonstandards
Oxidationin etc.in etc.Monitoring
RelaxationLowComparativelyHighRequired
GalvanicQuestionLowPossibleInspectionMaterial
Table 2 CCA-Specific Considerations
FactorCuCCAImpact
MaterialUniform PropertiesisNoDifferent Metal
RateLowComparativelyHighConnectionRelaxation
Temperature Limitations200°C150°CTerminationHot
Table 3 Crimp Terminal Selection
Terminal TypeCCA CompatibilityNotes
CopperCrimping TerminalGood
AluminumCrimping TerminalNot RecommendedDesignUsed forAl
Dual MetalCrimping TerminalOptimalDedicated Design
Table 4 Best Practices
PracticeRequirement
StripWire Lengthby Specification+10%
CrimpingHighDegreeValidation Dimension
Torque()by Specifications
PeriodInspectionPer Year

References

  1. UL UL 486A-B: Wire Connectors UL (2021)
  2. IEC IEC 61210: Connecting devices IEC (2020)
XU

Gaolei Xu

Senior Materials Scientist

Credentials & Honors

  • CTO, Raytron Group
  • Zhejiang Provincial High-level Talent Special Support Program - Young Talent
  • Shaoxing "Technology Vice President"
  • Shaoxing Science and Technology Commissioner
  • Member of National Technical Committee 243 on Heavy Metals (SAC/TC 243/SC2)

National Standards (Lead Author) View Official

Patents (Inventor) Search Patents

  • CN104959396A - Production Process of Copper Strip for Composite Contact Materials
  • CN106077125A - Production Process of Copper Profile for Magnetic Pole Coils
  • CN201410710206 - Conductive Material for High-speed Railway Traction Motors and Production Method
  • CN201310719717 - Method for Controlling Strip Shape of Copper Strip Blank by Continuous Extrusion
  • CN201310720126 - Device for Controlling Strip Shape of Copper Strip Blank by Continuous Extrusion
  • CN201310376884 - Five-in-one Copper Strip Edge Treatment Equipment for Transformers
  • CN201420184755 - Continuous Extrusion Die Flow Promotion Device
  • CN201320761640 - Continuous Extrusion Waste Cleaning Device

Areas of Expertise

Copper-Clad Aluminum (CCA) Technology Copper-Clad Steel (CCS) Manufacturing Bimetallic Composite Materials PV Ribbon for Solar Cells Battery Tab Materials for EV Applications Continuous Extrusion Technology

Selected Publications

  • Research and Application of Rolling Method for Manufacturing Metal Laminated Composites, Aluminum Processing Journal, 2008
  • Annealing Process Research of Copper-Aluminum Composite Strip
  • Research on Preparation Process of Copper/Aluminum Composite Strip for Cables
  • Interface Microstructure Evolution of Rolled Copper/Aluminum Composite Strip During Annealing

Mr. Xu Gaolei is a distinguished expert in non-ferrous metal processing with over 15 years of experience. He is recognized as a Young Talent under the Zhejiang Provincial High-level Talent Special Support Program. He leads R&D initiatives in bimetallic composite technologies and has contributed significantly to the standardization of copper and bimetallic materials in China.

Click standard/patent codes to view official documents

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Our technical team is the author of multiple Chinese national standards, with 30 years of industry experience and 34 patents, delivering professional bimetallic composite material solutions. Contact us for technical support and product quotes.

Contact Raytron Now - Let Every Meter of Material Create Higher Value for You

Our technical team is the author of multiple Chinese national standards, with 30 years of industry experience and 34 patents, delivering professional bimetallic composite material solutions. Contact us for technical support and product quotes.

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